Ethereum is preparing for a huge upgrade that might transform the way its blockchain operates. Within the next year, the network intends to incorporate a zero-knowledge Ethereum Virtual Machine (zkEVM) into its core. This system confirms transactions using zero-knowledge proofs (ZK-proofs). Instead of re-executing transaction blocks, validators will soon be required to validate short cryptographic proofs.
This strategy will improve Ethereum's speed and security. Multiple zkVMs will check these proofs, providing an additional layer of protection. The Ethereum Foundation wants zkVMs to generate proofs in under ten seconds.
They should also focus on hardware that costs less than $100,000 and consumes fewer than 10 kilowatts of electricity. This means that more people can run validators from home, thereby keeping the network decentralized.
The upgrade will be carried out progressively. Initially, zkEVM clients will run alongside the existing system. As the technology becomes dependable, Ethereum will require proof verification rather than re-execution. The Foundation believes that rapid progress in zero-knowledge research makes this aim achievable. If successful, Ethereum has the potential to become the world's largest zero-knowledge application.
